| The Plasma Module in CFD-ACE+ enables simulations
of non-equilibrium plasma reactors and processes for a variety of systems
and operating conditions (gas composition, pressures from 1 mTorr to 760
Torr, etc). The Chemistry module is used to
simulate the transport of ions and neutral species and define rates of electron-induced
chemical reactions. The Kinetic module can
be used to account for the non-Maxwellian Electron Distribution Function.
The Plasma module has four main options:
- Inductively Coupled Plasmas (ICP)
The ICP option enables the solution of the electron energy equation
for electron temperature. Electron density and electrostatic field are
calculated from the quasi-neutrality condition. Electron heating is
produced by electromagnetic fields provided by the electromagnetic
module.
- Capacitively Coupled Plasmas (CCP)
When the CCP option is used, the electron energy equation and the electron
density equation are solved to calculate electron temperature and electron
number density. The electrostatic field is obtained from the solution
of the Poisson equation provided by the electrostatic
module.
- Positive Column (PC)
The PC option is used to calculate the radial structure of the PC plasma
of Direct Current (DC) discharges. This option is similar to the CCP
option except that electron heating is produced by the external DC electric
field.
- Global
The global model is used for fast simulation of low-pressure plasmas,
sensitivity analysis of chemistry models, and analysis of electron kinetic
effects. It assumes that the losses of charged particles and active
radicals in the reactor are controlled by their diffusion to the walls
using a one-cell problem set up.
The Plasma Module comes with an expanded Library of Plasma Chemical reactions,
and databases for electron collision cross sections and ion transport
properties.
The Plasma Module has been validated and used for numerous applications
in many industries. The figures on the right show some validation examples
and typical applications.
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ICP with Multi-Spiral Coil

3D Simulation of Capacitively Coupled Plasma

Charged Particle Densities in PC Oxygen Plasma

Global Kinetic Simulation
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