The Spray (Discrete Phase) Module can be used to track liquid droplets or solid particles or bubbles through a calculation domain. The following are some typical applications of this module:

• Spray combustion in gas turbine combustors
• Fuel and/or oxidizer spray in rocket engines and internal combustion engines
• Thermal sprays in coating applications
• Particle/aerosol separators
• Dust transport in clean rooms
• Particle/material deposition systems
• Analyte binding on microspheres in immunoassays

The discrete phase (droplets, particles, bubbles) tracking is achieved by solving the governing mass, momentum, and energy conservation equations in a Lagrangian frame of reference. The discrete phase is allowed to exchange mass (evaporation), momentum (drag), energy (heat) and bio-analyte (binding) with the continuous phase (surrounding ambient fluid). The model can be set up to account for one-way (continuous phase to discrete phase) or two-way coupling between the phases.

The CFD-ACE+ Spray/Particle module has been validated against several benchmark problems and has been successfully used for many combustion and other applications. Sample validation results and typical application results are shown on the right of this page.